00393nas a2200121   4500008004100000022001400041245008100055210006900136260000800205300001100213490000700224856004000231       2024                        eng d  a2666-154300aMicroplastics in animal nutrition: Occurrence, spread, and hazard in animals0 aMicroplastics in animal nutrition Occurrence spread and hazard i  cSEP  a1012580 v17  uhttps://www.isibrno.cz/en/node/399201903nas a2200109   4500008004100000022001400041245010900055210006900164490000700233520148500240856006801725       2024                        eng d  a2296-665X00aUnraveling the ecotoxicological effects of micro and nano-plastics on aquatic organisms and human health0 aUnraveling the ecotoxicological effects of micro and nanoplastic0 v123 a<p>Plastic pollution ranks among the most severe environmental disasters caused by humans, generating millions of tonnes of waste annually. The extensive and unregulated use of plastics has led to ecotoxicity and environmental imbalance. Microplastics (MPs) are prevalent in aquatic environments, and these MPs further degrade into even smaller particles known as nano-plastics (NPs). Both MPs and NPs impact the environment by readily absorbing organic pollutants and pathogens from their surroundings, owing to their bigger surface area to volume ratio. This review focuses on the source of origin, bioaccumulation, and potential impact of MPs and NPs on aquatic organisms and human health. Additionally, the review explores various methods employed for identification and quantification of these particles in aquatic ecosystems. Sufficient information is available on their characteristics, distributions, and effects on marine ecosystems compared with freshwater ecosystems. For plastic particles &lt;10&nbsp;μm, more toxicological effects were observed compared with larger size particles, in aquatic life. Understanding the mechanism of action and ecotoxicological effects of micro/nano-plastics on the health of aquatic life across various trophic levels, as well as human health, is of utmost importance. We address knowledge gaps and provide insights into future research approaches for a better understanding of the interactive mechanisms between binary pollutants.</p>  uhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1390510